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Library

William Golding is the author of over a dozen novels, and numerous other works including an early volume of poems, a stage play, collected essays and travel writing. He is best known for his Nobel-cited Lord of the Flies, but his other works have won prizes and critical acclaim, and have been translated into numerous languages. Besides two well known films portraying his island dystopia, his fiction has featured in radio and TV productions, and dramatisations of various kinds.  His often allegorical and symbolic works - all quite different from each other - continue to excite media and popular interest, and his imaginative vision is known and appreciated worldwide. Use the 'filter' categories on the right to make your selection or simply scroll down this page and follow the links.

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Books

William Golding wrote nearly twenty books which you will want to find out about by following our 'Read more' links below.

The Double Tongue (1995)

Book cover The Double Tongue

Witty and unusual novel of the ancient world powerfully imagining the thoughts and experiences of Arieka, a 'pythia' or priestess voicing the oracular messages of the God Apollo. Golding's final novel takes place in the time of the Roman occupation, setting the scene for political issues of cultural decline and colonial complexity.

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To the Ends of the Earth (1991)

Book cover To the Ends of the Earth

A new one-volume edition of Golding's classic sequence of sea novels set in the early nineteenth century, about a voyage from England to Australia. Rites of Passage (Winner of the Booker-McConnell Prize), Close Quarters, and Fire Down Below reveal his multi-level comic talents in a ripping yarn rich with contradictory emotions, personal tragedies and witty parody.

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Fire Down Below (1989)

Book cover Fire Down Below

A decrepit warship sails on the last stretch of its voyage to Sydney Cove. It has been blown off course and battered by wind, storm and ice. Nothing but rope holds the disintegrating hull together. And after a risky operation to reset its foremast with red-hot metal, an unseen fire begins to smoulder below decks.

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Close Quarters (1987)

Book cover Close Quarters

Edmund Talbot, introduced to us in the earlier volume, Rites of Passage, continues his slow voyage to Australia in an old naval ship of the line. Against the odds, he successfully learns lessons about -- and from - love and life, in an enforced and cramped exposure to varied men and women, within the formal framework and discipline of the early nineteenth century Royal Navy, the other hero of the book.

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An Egyptian Journal (1985)

Book cover An Egyptian Journal

Golding had a lifelong fascination with Egypt. His journal records the confrontation between a highly educated and sensitive intelligence and the real-world irritations and joys of travel, photography, conversation and cross-cultural encounters.

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The Paper Men (1984)

Book cover The Paper Men

A novel which is both funny and savage: a highly contemporary work about celebrity and those who exploit it; about a successful but morally crippled writer, and an equally crippled academic parasite; creativity and academe without heart. The end is splendid.

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A Moving Target (1982)

Book cover A Moving Target

Golding's talent as an essayist was immense, sweeping his readers along on a variety of diverse and superbly characterised topics, ranging from our relationship with Planet Earth to our achievements and low points as a social and political animal.

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Rites of Passage (1980)

Book cover Rites of Passage

Sailing to Australia in the early years of the nineteenth century, Edmund Talbot keeps a journal to amuse his godfather back in England. Full of wit and disdain, he records the mounting tensions on the ancient, sinking warship where officers, sailors, soldiers and emigrants jostle in the cramped spaces below decks. Golding's novel won the Booker-McConnell (now Man Booker) Prize in 1980.

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Darkness Visible (1979)

Book cover Darkness Visible

Winner of the James Tait Black Memorial Prize, Golding's darkest novel explores violence, tragedy and terrorism in prose deeply imbued with poetical symbolism. The title quotes Milton's 'Paradise Lost'.

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The Scorpion God (1971)

Book cover Scorpion God

All three novellas in this collection show Golding as a gentle satirist with an awareness of human frailty but a bemused affection towards the individuals who manifest it.

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The Pyramid (1967)

Book cover The Pyramid

Oliver is eighteen, and wants to enjoy himself before going to university. But this is the 1920s, and he lives in Stilbourne, a small English country town, where everyone knows what everyone else is getting up to, and where love, lust and rebellion are closely followed by revenge and embarrassment.

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The Hot Gates (1965)

Book cover The Hot Gates

Golding himself selected the essays for this volume. They include his two brilliant accounts of childhood, 'Billy the Kid' and 'The Ladder and the Tree', and his essay 'Fable' which was specifically written to answer questions put to him about Lord of the Flies.

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The Spire (1964)

Book cover The Spire

Dean Jocelin has a vision: that God has chosen him to erect a great spire on his cathedral. His mason anxiously advises against it, for the old cathedral was built without foundations. Nevertheless, the spire rises octagon upon octagon, pinnacle by pinnacle, until the stone pillars shriek and the ground beneath it swims. Its shadow falls ever darker on the world below, and on Dean Jocelin in particular.

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Free Fall (1959)

Book cover Free Fall

Somehow, somewhere, Sammy Mountjoy lost his freedom, the faculty of freewill 'that cannot be debated but only experienced, like a colour or the taste of potatoes'. As he retraces his life in an effort to discover why he no longer has the power to choose and decide for himself, the narrative moves between England and a prisoner-of-war camp in Germany. In Free Fall, Golding has created a poetic fiction, and an allegory, as moving as it is unforgettable.

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Pincher Martin (1956)

Book cover Pincher Martin

Christopher Hadley Martin believes he is drowning in the Atlantic, that is until he manages to haul himself onto a rock projecting from the seabed that appears only on weather charts, where he finds he must piece together the appalling truth. Golding's novel is a modern 'Faust'.

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The Inheritors (1955)

Inheritors book cover

Powerful novel where the leading characters are Neanderthal humans facing a tragic and all-too-human conflict with homo sapiens.

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Lord of the Flies (1954)

Book cover Lord of the Flies

Lord of the Flies defies summarisation. Amidst nuclear war, schoolboys are cast away on an island, where the mess they make of things mirrors the adult world that comes to 'rescue' them.

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Poems (1934)

Book cover Poems

Golding's first published work was Poems, a slim volume reflecting his talents and ambitions before the formative experiences of naval warfare that were to come.

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Films

The BBC adapted the 'Sea Trilogy' novels for TV in a critically acclaimed dramatisation now available on DVD. Lord of the Flies has been filmed twice, most notably by Peter Brook in a black-and-white masterpiece of art-house cinema.

To the Ends of the Earth BBC (2005)

To the Ends of the Earth DVD cover

The BBC dramatisation of Golding's tragi-comic tale runs to 4 1/2 hours of wonderfully realised visual narrative on board an eighteenth-century 'ship of the line'.

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Lord of the Flies b&w film (1963)

Peter Brook film Lord of the Flies DVD cover

The innovative and legendary theatre director Peter Brook crafted this classic film of Golding's novel, now available on DVD.

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Plays

Golding's novel Lord of the Flies has been dramatised by Nigel Williams, the only dramatisation authorised by the author and his estate. His stage play 'The Brass Butterfly', though set in the ancient world, invokes science fiction to comic effect.

Lord of the Flies drama (1996)

Peter Brook film Lord of the Flies acting edition book cover

The only authorised 'acting edition' of William Golding's classic Lord of the Flies is an adaptation by Nigel Williams.

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The Brass Butterfly (1958)

Book cover Brass Butterfly

Adapted from Golding's short story 'Envoy Extraordinary', this Shavian comedy is set amongst the power intrigues and religious struggles at the court of a Roman Emperor. A Greek scientist arrives with his inventions of the steam engine, gun powder, and printing. The resultant catastrophes provoke arguments of Shavian wit and brilliant paradox, leading to a happy though ambiguous dénouement.

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Categories

Lord of the Flies

Peter Brook LoF still Ralph

Lord of the Flies, published in 1954, is Golding's best known work, selling over a milliion copies so far worldwide. John Carey's new biography William Golding is the first study of 'The Man Who Wrote Lord of the Flies'. Follow the link below to buy this book, first published by Faber & Faber in 2009, and now out in paperback.

Buy John Carey's definitive biography in paperback

Judy Golding's Memoir

The Children of Lovers by Judy Golding

In this frank and engaging family memoir, Judy Golding recalls growing up with a brilliant, loving, sometimes difficult parent. The years of her childhood and adolescence saw her father change from an impecunious schoolteacher to a famous novelist. Once adult, she came to understand some of the internal conflicts which led to his writing.

Buy Judy Golding's memoir Children of Lovers

John Carey's new biography of William Golding

John Carey

Drawing almost entirely on materials that have never before been made public, John Carey, the distinguished writer and critic, sheds new light on Golding. Through hundreds of letters, unpublished works and Golding's intimate journals, Carey draws a revelatory and definitive portrait of an extraordinary man. In an absorbing and compelling narrative, he reveals a many-sided figure: a war-hero, a reclusive depressive who considered himself a 'monster', a family man, a victim of fears and phobias who battled against alcoholism, and a writer who trusted the imagination above all things.

Follow the link below to hear 'audio snippets' where Carey reads from his highly praised new biography.

William Golding: The Man Who Wrote Lord of the Flies

To the Ends of the Earth

Sea Trilogy TV photo

To the Ends of the Earth is the 'Sea Trilogy' title for three of Golding's most gripping - and funniest - novels: Rites of Passage, Close Quarters, and Fire Down Below. BBC 2 broadcast a three-part television dramatisation of the trilogy in May-June 2005. The adaptation starred Benedict Cumberbatch, Sam Neill, Victoria Hamilton and Jared Harris, and was filmed partly in South Africa, near Capetown.

BBC TV adaptation of Golding's 'To the Ends of the Earth'

The Inheritors

Neanderthal skull and living human face

Golding's novel explores the encounter between Neanderthal humans and our species homo sapiens in a uniquely imaginative way. Recent work on the Neanderthal genome shows that it survives in some current populations and that 'we' are still a little bit 'them'.

Neanderthal links 'survive in us'.

The Spire

Salisbury spire by Constable

Golding's novel of ambition and architecture is set in the English middle ages. His vision of faith, hubris, earthly lust and religious guilt is thought to have been inspired by his close inspection of the spire at Salisbury Cathedral near the boys' grammar school where he taught for many years.

Salisbury Cathedral

Lord of the Flies audio book

Martin Jarvis photo

Martin Jarvis reads William Golding's classic novel in a major new unabridged recording. First published in 1954, Lord of the Flies is now recognized as a classic, one of the most celebrated of all modern novels.

Buy Lord of the Flies audio book

The Double Tongue

Ruins at Delphi, Greece

From the 1950s and later Golding travelled extensively in mainland Greece and in the Greek islands, imaginatively absorbed in the stony landscapes, classical ruins and wine-dark seas of Homer, the classical tragedians and historians, and the continuous culture of myth, symbolism and archetype of which he felt himself a part. He set his last novel, The Double Tongue, with characteristic wryness and self-conscious wit, at the oracle of Delphi after the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 B.C.E. His use of a female narrator - a pythia - gestured to the very borderline of reliability and unreliability. The oracle, whether frenzied or not, was well known for ambiguity. The Roman occupation perhaps mirrors Golding's own relationship to the 'lost' world of classical Greece - how to recreate truth and beauty in a later and more knowing age.

The Brass Butterfly

Brass Butterfly door knocker

Alastair Sim and his wife Naomi gave the Goldings this brass butterfly door knocker as a memento of the joint efforts, and for many years it did faithful service on the door of their cottage home in the village of Bowerchalke, near Salisbury in Wiltshire, where the Goldings are buried in the churchyard. The knocker was retired from use when the Goldings moved to Cornwall in 1985.

Bowerchalke, near Salisbury, Wiltshire